13. Background Music To Our Quadrille Dance

Guitar, Banjo and Grater

The musical accompaniment to our quadrille dance is a mixture of traditional 20th Century Quadrille, Mento, Contemporary and Popular dance music, with the appropriate rhythm and beat and aesthetically acceptable lyrics. 

However we chose Mento, the original music of Jamaica, as our base music because it provides lively upbeat music for us to dance to, whilst engaging and maintaining audience interest. 

Several of our quadrille dance figures/sets are choreographed to Mento rhythm and beat.

Our African- Jamaican ancestors, some of whom were “self-taught slave musicians”, developed the Mento music from natural resources and discarded materials found on the island. They created this authentic and distinctive musical sound, which is a blend of African – European orchestral rhythm and beat.

This fusion of sounds could have developed when the slave musicians had to provide live orchestral musical accompaniment for the Ballroom Quadrille dance, when European musicians were not available on the island. The requisite background music had a more European tempo and beat, with slower pace and quieter drumming, to please their slave masters’ musical taste.

Our musical ancestors were able to instinctively reproduce their African rhythm and beat – the humming, chanting and drumming, through these instruments. They accompanied the sounds with a call response and repetitive style of harmonised singing and dancing that was common in Africa.

The African rhythm and beat in the Mento helped them to nurture and maintain links with their cultures and homeland. The sounds awaken fond memories of the music and dance they enjoyed in the limited spare time they had, and when they supported their communities during periods of stress and bereavement.

During the 1950s Mento music was used humorously to communicate topical issues about social, economic, religious, sexual and political life in Jamaica. In rural areas this was an important medium of communication with the outside world. 

Rudimentary instruments included:

  1. Kerosene Tin  
  2. Iron Dutch Pot Covers 
  3. Benta made from Bamboo
  4. Gourd 
  5. Catta Sticks 
  6. Rhumba Box  made from ply or cedar wood with tunes metal tins, the Baas of the music
  7. Shakas (Maracas) from gourd, seeds, beads, and sticks
  8. Grater – played with knife, spoon or fork 
  9. Tambourine 
  10. Drums – variety of drums made from wood and animal skin  
  11. Bamboo Saxophone  
  12. Fiddle  
  13. Fife   
  14. Horse or donkey jaw bone  
  15. Cow horn 
  16. Whistle 
  17. Guitar 
  18. Harmonica

Musical instruments were further developed, refined and added over the years as the musicians became more sophisticated and began forming Mento Bands. 

Recorded Mento music became popular in Jamaica in the 1950s and a lot of information about it and the musicians who created it can be accessed from the web.

Our ancestors demonstrated instinctive knowledge and experience of musical sounds and the potential mesmerising effect in their creative production of Mento music. Their resourcefulness and creative abilities are worthy of praise.

(Updated 2025)